هيشوي موهي

هيشوي موهي ( الصينية :黑水靺鞨; بينيين : Hēishuɐ Mòhé ; المانشو : Sahaliyan i Aiman ​​أو薩哈廉部; الكورية : 흑수말갈 ; RR : Heuksu malgal )، والتي تُترجم باللغة الإنجليزية باسم Blackriver Mohe أو Blackwater Mohe ، كانت قبيلة من شعب Mohe. في منشوريا الخارجية على طول نهر آمور ( الصينية :黑水; بينيين : Hēi Shuɐ ; مضاءة. " بلاك ووتر" أو "النهر الأسود " ) في ما يعرف الآن بإقليم خاباروفسك الروسي ، ومنطقة آمور ، ومنطقة الحكم الذاتي اليهودية ، وهيلونغجيانغ في الصين .  

كان شعب هيشوي موهي الجنوبي تابعًا للملك سيون (الملك شوان) ملك بالهاي (بوهاي). وقد غزا سلالة لياو بقيادة الخيتان بالهاي عام 926 ميلاديًا . ^{[ 1 ]} يُربط شعب هيشوي موهي أحيانًا بشعب الجورشن الذين أسسوا سلالة جين الصينية في القرن العاشر، والذين شكلوا لاحقًا نواة المانشو الذين أسسوا سلالة تشينغ في القرن السابع عشر. ^{[ 3 ]} سكن الجورشن غابات ووديان الأنهار في الأرض التي تُقسم الآن بين مقاطعة هيلونغجيانغ الصينية ومقاطعة ماريتيم الروسية ، ^{[ 4 ]} خارج نطاق شعب بلاك ريفر موهي ، وتبقى هذه الروابط مجرد تكهنات. ^{[ 5 ]} 

كان شعب موهي يستمتع بتناول لحم الخنزير، ويمارس تربية الخنازير على نطاق واسع، وكانوا في الغالب مستقرين ، ^{[ 6 ]} كما استخدموا جلود الخنازير والذئاب للفراء. وكانوا في الغالب مزارعين، يزرعون فول الصويا والقمح والدخن والأرز، بالإضافة إلى ممارستهم الصيد. ^{[ 7 ]}

Modern archaeologists on both sides of the Amur/Heilongjiang River have made a number of conclusions about the correspondence of the discovered archaeological cultures to the ethnic groups known from ancient records. According to Russian archaeologists, prior to about the second half of the 7th century AD the Lesser Khingan mountain range formed a natural boundary between two groups of archaeological cultures. West of the range, the Talakan Culture (талаканская культура) was succeeded by the Mikhailovskaya Culture (михайловская культура), which has been identified with the Mongolic-speakingShiwei people. East of the range, the Poltsevo culture and the Naifeld group, also known as the Tongzhen culture based on the findings on the Chinese side of the river) of the Mohe culture was found; the latter was identified with the Tungusic Heishui Mohe people.^[8]

According to the archaeological evidence, during the late 7th century through 10th century AD, some Naifeld-Culture Heishui Mohe migrated west of the range (to the section of the Amur Valley west of the Bureya River, and possibly also into the Nen River basin), absorbing the indigenous population of the area (which is evidenced e.g. by the presence of the ornaments associated with the autochthonous Mikhailovskaya Culture on the ceramics of the Neifeld [Heishui Mohe] people who had migrated into the Mikhailovskaya's former area). Modern researchers surmise that the migration of some of the Mohe people west of the range during the late 7th - early 8th century may have been caused by the pressure from the Balhae further south.^[8]

Another Mohe group, the Sumo Mohe from the Sungari Valley migrated to the Western Amur Valley at roughly the same time as well. Which Mohe group arrived to the region first remains the subject of a dispute, hinging on radiocarbon and stratigraphic dating of various sites.^[8]

There is some archaeological evidence for the migration of the Sumo Mohe to the northeast, to the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk as well, namely, apparent influence of the Neifeld Culture found in the ceramics of the Tokarevo Culture of the latter region.^[8]

• Nishuliji (Sinicized: 倪屬利稽, pinyin:Níshǔlìjī) around 722.
• Gao Ziluo / Go Jara (Sinicized: 高子羅, pinyin:Gāo Zǐluó), defected to Goryeo with 170 men in February 921.
• A-gu-lang / A-eo-han (Sinicized: 阿於閒, pinyin:Āyúxián), defected to Goryeo with 200 men in April 921.
• Adoutuofu / Adutabul (Sinicized: 阿豆陀弗), paid tribute to Hyeonjong of Goryeo in 1021.

• Mohe people
• Mohe, Heilongjiang - city in contemporary China
• History of Manchuria
• Balhae